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The process of risk evaluation is intended to help answer the question of whether a tunnel is safe enough; i.e. are the risks acceptable or are additional measures needed to meet safety objectives?

The management of safety has particular challenges in road tunnels where hazards are significant and the consequences of incidents can be severe. This is especially true for existing tunnels, where there may be particular physical constraints to consider in the design and implementation of safety improvements. The application of risk-based techniques in the process of tunnel safety management allows for a structured, harmonized and transparent approach to the assessment of risks; an important aspect of which is risk evaluation.